![]() ![]() X-ray diffraction is based on constructive interference of monochromatic X-rays and a crystalline sample. X-rays are produced whenever high-speed electrons collide with a metal target, and any X-ray tube must contain Richards, Introduction to Atomic Physics, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA, 1972.)Īll diffraction methods are based on the generation of X-rays in an X-ray tube. The boundaries between regions are arbitrary since no sharp upper or lower limits can be assigned. X-rays are used to produce the diffraction pattern because their wavelength, λ, is often the same order of magnitude as the spacing, d, between the crystal planes. In the electromagnetic spectrum, X-rays correspond to the wavelengths of range 0.1 to 10 Angstrom, and X-rays used in diffraction have wavelengths that lie approximately in the range 0.5 to 2.5 Angstrom. Later the technology was explored and got wider applications in the real world including a crucial one diffraction technology. Today it is clear that x-rays are electromagnetic radiation of exactly the same nature as light but of a very much shorter wavelength. It was the hand of Röntgen’s wife Anna Bertha Ludwig that Röntgen used X-ray and photograph the internal structure of bones. The phenomenon is called X-ray diffraction.Ī major component of XRD- X-rays were first discovered in 1895 by the German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen who named it X-ray because their nature was unknown at the time. ![]() The atomic planes of a crystal cause an incident beam of X-rays to interfere with one another as they leave the crystal. This technology can be used to measure both the physical and chemical properties of crystalline powders, thin films, epitaxial films, and bulk solid materials. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is a non-destructive rapid analytical technique that is primarily used to determine the crystallographic structure of a material and can provide information on unit cell dimensions. ![]()
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